Paper ID: TAGJ2025009

Factors Associated With Depression in Pregnant And Lactating Mothers Attending Pmtct Services-India

Rabindranath Tagore

Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India

Abstract

Maternal depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental health disorder, particularly in low-resource settings, and has emerged as a significant public health concern. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with depression among pregnant and lactating mothers attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used, employing quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. The study found that 69.8% of respondents were currently pregnant, while 30.2% were lactating. A significant 85% of the respondents reported experiencing fluctuating moods, tearfulness, irritability, and anxiety during their pregnancy or breastfeeding period. Additionally, 95% of respondents had experienced side effects from antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, while only 5% had not. Furthermore, 95.9% of the respondents had a treatment supporter, and 93% reported receiving support from their nuclear families to help maintain a positive outlook. A majority (94.2%) reported no difficulties in interacting with ART care service providers, and 57.6% shared their concerns with their care providers. The findings indicate that fluctuating moods and emotional distress are prevalent among pregnant and lactating women attending PMTCT services. Support systems, including treatment supporters and family involvement, play a vital role in managing depression. It is concluded that there is a need for proactive strategies to identify depressive symptoms and offer tailored treatment and support to this high-risk group of women living with HIV.

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